1783 – The 1st untethered hot air balloon flight was made in Paris by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent, Marquis d’Arlandes on the 21st November 1783.

1877 – Thomas Edison announced his invention of the phonograph on the 21st November 1877.

1898 – René Magritte the Belgian painter was born on the 21st November 1898 (d. 1967).

1905 – Albert Einstein‘s paper, Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?, was published in the journal “Annalen der Physik” on the 21st November 1905.  This paper revealed the relationship between energy and mass, and led to the mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc².

1936 – Victor Chang the Chinese-Australian surgeon was born on the 21st November 1936 (d. 1991).

1945 – Goldie Hawn the American actress was born on the 21st November 1945.

1959 – American disc jockey Alan Freed, who had popularized the term “rock and roll” and music of that style, was fired from WABC-AM radio on the 21st November 1959, for refusing to deny allegations that he had participated in the payola scandal.

1964 – The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge opened to traffic on the 21st November 1964. At the time it was the world’s longest suspension bridge.

1969 – The first permanent ARPANET link was established between UCLA and SRI on the 21st November 1969.

1979 ~ Red Dog the Australian Kelpie / cattle dog cross died on the 21st November 1979 aged 8 (born 1971). Red Dog was well known for his travels through Western Australia‘s Pilbara region. There is a statue in his memory in Dampier, which is one of the towns to which he often returned. A novel was written about Red Dog, followed by a movie, starring Koko as Red Dog.

2002 – NATO invited Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia to become members on the 21st November 2002.

2004 – The Paris Club agreed to write off 80%, about $100 billion of Iraq‘s external debt on the 21st November 2004.

Visit this day: 21st November in history and see the video at www.History.com